The fertility rate in England and Wales has fallen to a record low of 1.44 children per woman, the lowest since the 1970s, with Scotland’s rate even lower at 1.3. This decline reflects a broader trend seen in many countries, prompting concerns about the implications for future population growth.
Factors contributing to this decline include the high cost of raising children, the pressure to maintain careers, and difficulties in finding suitable partners. Additionally, more young adults are opting not to have children at all. Interviews with individuals in their thirties reveal a mix of personal choices and economic considerations influencing their decisions about parenthood.
Kari, 34, and his partner Kaitlyn are postponing parenthood due to financial concerns, including the rising costs of childcare, which averages around £300 per week in the UK. Kari expressed interest in adopting but feels it’s not feasible to become a biological parent at this time.
Chris, 33, and Jemma, both of whom earn around £60,000 collectively, have decided against having children due to financial constraints. Chris has opted for a vasectomy, stating that after evaluating their budget, they don’t foresee improvements that would make raising a child viable.
Ellie, 39, who has frozen her eggs in hopes of having children later, highlighted the challenges of finding a suitable partner and the high costs associated with fertility treatments. She has invested significantly in egg freezing and is aware of the additional expenses should she decide to pursue parenthood on her own.
Dami, 34, a podcaster, emphasizes the empowerment provided by advances in fertility treatments but notes that the decision to have children is significant and requires careful consideration, particularly given her upbringing in a financially challenged household.
Demographers warn that declining fertility rates, while currently manageable, could lead to long-term population shrinkage and increased economic challenges, especially concerning care for an aging population. The trend towards childlessness, especially among younger generations, is growing more acceptable, influenced by economic realities and personal aspirations.
Experts like Brienna Perelli-Harris from the University of Southampton stress that while the UK population may not decline imminently due to factors like immigration, the aging population will become increasingly pronounced, prompting a need for societal adjustments to address future demographic changes.