Since the early 1990s, coal had gradually been replaced by natural gas, but it remained a key part of the energy mix until recently. A combination of rising awareness of climate change and advancements in renewable energy led to coal’s decline, with the UK setting legally binding climate targets in 2008 and announcing the end of coal by 2025. Due to the success of renewable energy, coal’s end has come earlier than planned, with renewables now generating more than 50% of the UK’s power.
Lord Deben, a key figure in the UK’s environmental policy, acknowledged that while coal powered the nation’s early strength, the growth of renewables has been instrumental in shifting towards a cleaner energy future. Workers like Chris Smith, who have spent decades at the Ratcliffe-on-Soar plant, expressed the emotional impact of the closure, noting the significance of the moment.
The move comes with challenges, particularly in ensuring a stable electricity grid as coal, a consistent power source, is replaced by more variable renewables like wind and solar. Experts like Kayte O’Neill emphasize the need for innovation in energy storage, particularly in battery technology, to maintain stability in the grid. Dr. Sylwia Walus highlighted the importance of developing sustainable and affordable battery technology, reducing reliance on China for key materials, and investing in skilled workers for future energy solutions.
As the UK moves forward, the focus will be on creating new green jobs and ensuring that communities impacted by the decline of traditional fossil fuel industries benefit from the shift to renewable energy technologies like carbon capture, wind, and solar power.